Scabies in Conakry, Guinea: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Profiles
Published: 2022-09-17
Page: 96-102
Issue: 2022 - Volume 5 [Issue 1]
M. Keita
Service of Dermatology-Venereology, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
M. M. Soumah *
Service of Dermatology-Venereology, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
T. M. Tounkara
Service of Dermatology-Venereology, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
B. F. Diané
Service of Dermatology-Venereology, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
F. B. Sako
Service of Dermatology-Venereology, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
M. S. Sow
Infectious Diseases Department, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
F. Keita
Service of Dermatology-Venereology, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
I. Camara
Service of Dermatology-Venereology, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
M. Savané
Service of Dermatology-Venereology, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
M. D. Kanté
Service of Dermatology-Venereology, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
M. Cissé
Service of Dermatology-Venereology, Conakry University Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Human scabies is a highly contagious skin parasitosis caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis characterised by a pruritic skin rash. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, to identify the factors that increase the disease and to describe the clinical characteristics and therapeutic modalities of scabies in the Dermatology-Venereology Department of the Donka University Hospital.
Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study from February to July 2020. It targeted all patients admitted for pruritic dermatosis. All patients with a confirmed diagnosis of scabies based on clinical evidence, regardless of age, gender or origin were included in this study. Patients with a pruritic rash without objective signs of scabies were not included. Our data were collected using a pre-designed survey form. Data entry and statistical analysis of our data were performed using Epi-info software.
Results: We collected 310 (26.6%) cases of scabies out of 1164 patients seen in consultation. The patients were 156 (50.3%) women and 154 (49.7%) men. The average age was 24.02 ± 20.77 with extremes of 1 and 86 years. The most affected age group was 1-10 years (34.2%) followed by 21-30 years (22.2%). According to the level of education, those not in school (37.4%) and primary school (28.7%) were the most represented. According to socio-professional category 152 (49%) patients were unemployed and 52 (16.8%) were civil servants. The association with scabies was significant for promiscuity (P value=0.000), multiplicity of sexual partners (P value=0.004) and the number of people in the house greater than 5 (P value=0.000). Vesicles (88.7%), scratch lesions (71.3%) and papules (24.8%) were the most frequent physical signs. Benzyl benzoate was prescribed in all (100%) cases. Other drugs used were sedative antihistamines (65.8%), antibiotics (18.4%) in cases of superinfection, antiseptics (12.2%) and corticosteroids in cases of eczematisation (1.6%).
Conclusion: Scabies is very common in our context and affects all subjects with a predominance of children. Promiscuity, multiple sexual partners and the high number of people sharing the same room are risk factors for contagiousness.
Keywords: Scabies, epidemiology, clinical, therapeutic, Conakry
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Micali G, Lacarrubba F, Verzì AE, Chosidow O, Schwartz RA. Scabies: Advances in Noninvasive Diagnosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10(6):e0004691.
Karimkhani C, Colombara DV, Drucker AM, Norton SA, Hay R, Engelman D, et al. The global burden of scabies: A cross-sectional analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(12):1247-1254.
Chandler DJ, Fuller LC. A review of scabies: An infestation more than skin deep. Dermatology 2019;235(2):79-90.
Cassell JA, Middleton J, Nalabanda A, Lanza S, Head MG, Bostock J, et al. Scabies outbreaks in ten care homes for elderly people: a prospective study of clinical features, epidemiology, and treatment outcomes. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18(8):894-902.
Royer M, Latre CM, Paul C, Mazereeuw-Hautier J. Société Française de Dermatologie Pédiatrique. La gale du nourrisson [Infantile scabies]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2008;135(12):876-81.
Fuller LC. Epidemiology of scabies. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2013;26(2):123-6.
Bonkoungou M, Traoré F, Ouédraogo AN, Ouédraogo MS, Tapsoba PG, Kafando Y, et al. Overview of dermatoses among detainees in the Ouagadougou Correctional Facility (Burkina Faso). Our Dermatol Online 2020;11(e):e93.1-e93.7.
Katsarou A, Armenaka M, Kosmadaki M, Lagogianni E, Vosynioti V, Tagka A, et al. Skin diseases in Greek and immigrant children in Athens. Int J Dermatol. 2012;51(2):173-7.
Kouotou EA, Nansseu JR, Kouawa MK, Zoung-Kanyi Bissek AC. Prevalence and drivers of human scabies among children and adolescents living and studying in Cameroonian boarding schools. Parasit Vectors. 2016;9(1):400.
Tounkara TM, Soumah MM, Keita M, Diané B, Bangoura M, Balde H, et al. Profil épidémiologique et clinique des dermatoses infectieuses chez les enfants au service de dermatologie de l’hôpital national Donka. In Annales de Dermatol et de Venereol 2012;139:B137–8.
Kouotou EA, Nansseu JR, Sangare A, Moguieu Bogne LL, Sieleunou I, Adegbidi H, et al. Burden of human scabies in sub‐Saharan African prisons: Evidence from the west region of Cameroon. Australasian Journal of Dermatology. 2018;59(1):e6-10.
Ugbomoiko US, Oyedeji SA, Babamale OA, Heukelbach J. Scabies in resource-poor communities in Nasarawa state, Nigeria: epidemiology, clinical features and factors associated with infestation. Tropical medicine and infectious disease. 2018; 3(2):59.
Kobangué L, Guéréndo P, Abéyé J, Namdito P, Mballa MD, Gresenguet G. Gale sarcoptique : Aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques à Bangui [Scabies: Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features in Bangui]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2014;107(1):10-4.
Nair PA, Vora RV, Jivani NB, Gandhi SS. A study of clinical profile and quality of life in patients with scabies at a rural tertiary care centre. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR. 2016; 10(10):WC01.
Engelman D, Fuller LC, Steer AC. International alliance for the control of scabies delphi panel. consensus criteria for the diagnosis of scabies: A delphi study of international experts. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018;12(5):e0006549.
Hart G. Factors associated with pediculosis pubis and scabies. Genitourin Med. 1992;68(5):294-5.
Ly F, Caumes E, Ndaw CA, Ndiaye B, Mahé A. Ivermectin versus benzyl benzoate applied once or twice to treat human scabies in Dakar, Senegal: A randomized controlled trial. Bull World Health Organ. 2009;87(6):424-30.